Plus Two Science Online Tuition (PCMB & Computer Science)

Detailed Chapter-by-Chapter Plus Two Science Masterclass Syllabus (DHSE & CBSE Class 12)

Plus Two Science marks directly determine eligibility for professional degree admissions, engineering KEAM/JEE rankings, and medical NEET cut-offs. Our master educators cover every derivation, mechanism, and diagram in extensive detail:

1. Physics Part 1 & Part 2 (ഭൗതികശാസ്ത്രം)

• Electric Charges and Fields (വൈദ്യുത ചാർജ്ജുകളും മണ്ഡലങ്ങളും): Coulomb's Law, electric field intensity due to a dipole (axial and equatorial positions), electric flux, Gauss's Law and its three standard applications (infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, uniformly charged thin spherical shell).
• Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance: Electric potential due to a point charge and dipole, equipotential surfaces, potential energy of a system of charges, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium, combination of capacitors, and energy stored in a capacitor ( = rac{1}{2}CV^2$).
• Current Electricity (വൈദ്യുത പ്രവാഹം): Drift velocity, mobility, microscopic Ohm's Law, temperature dependence of resistivity, Kirchhoff's Junction and Loop Rules with multi-loop circuit numericals, Wheatstone bridge principle, metre bridge experiments, and potentiometer applications (comparing EMFs, measuring internal resistance).
• Moving Charges and Magnetism: Biot-Savart Law (magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop), Ampere's Circuital Law and solenoid field, force on a moving charge (Lorentz force), cyclotron frequency, torque on a current loop, moving coil galvanometer sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter/voltmeter.
• Magnetism and Matter: Earth's magnetic elements (declination, dip, horizontal component), magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron, dia-, para-, and ferromagnetic materials, hysteresis loop, and electromagnets.
• Electromagnetic Induction (വൈദ്യുതകാന്തിക പ്രേരണം): Magnetic flux, Faraday's Laws, Lenz's Law and conservation of energy, motional EMF ($\mathcal{E} = Blv$), eddy currents, self-inductance of a solenoid, mutual inductance, and AC generator working principle.
• Alternating Current (പ്രത്യാവർത്തിധാരാ പ്രവാഹം): Peak, RMS, and average values of AC voltage and current, phasor diagrams for AC through pure resistor, inductor, and capacitor, series LCR circuit analysis, electrical resonance ( = rac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{LC}}$), quality factor ($-factor), power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current, and transformer efficiency derivations.
• Electromagnetic Waves: Displacement current, Maxwell's equations overview, electromagnetic spectrum characteristics and wavelength order (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays).
• Ray Optics and Optical Instruments: Refraction at spherical surfaces, Lens Maker's Formula ($rac{1}{f} = (n-1)(rac{1}{R_1} - rac{1}{R_2})$), total internal reflection and optical fibres, prism formula ( = rac{\sin((A+D_m)/2)}{\sin(A/2)}$), compounding of thin lenses, astronomical telescope, and compound microscope magnifying power derivations.
• Wave Optics (തരംഗ പ്രകാശശാസ്ത്രം): Huygens' Wave Theory, reflection and refraction proofs using wave fronts, coherent sources, Young's Double Slit Experiment (fringe width derivation $\beta = rac{\lambda D}{d}$), single slit diffraction intensity distribution, and polarization (Brewster's Law).
• Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter: Photoelectric effect observations, failure of wave theory, Einstein's Photoelectric Equation ( u = \Phi_0 + K_{max}$), de Broglie wavelength of an electron ($\lambda = rac{1.227}{\sqrt{V}}$ nm), and Davisson-Germer experiment significance.
• Atoms & Nuclei: Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford planetary model, Bohr Postulates for hydrogen atom (radius \propto n^2$, energy = -rac{13.6}{n^2}$ eV), Rydberg formula for spectral series (Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, Brackett, Pfund), mass defect, binding energy per nucleon curve, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion.
• Semiconductor Electronics: Energy band diagrams (conductors, semiconductors, insulators), intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors (n-type and p-type), p-n junction diode forward and reverse characteristics, half-wave and full-wave rectifiers with filtering, Zener diode as voltage regulator, LEDs, and photodiode working principles.

2. Chemistry Part 1 & Part 2 (രസതന്ത്രം)

• Solutions (ലായനികൾ): Raoult's Law for volatile solutes, ideal and non-ideal solutions with positive/negative deviations, azeotropes, colligative properties (relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point $\Delta T_b = K_b m$, depression of freezing point $\Delta T_f = K_f m$, osmotic pressure $\pi = CRT$), abnormal molar mass, and van 't Hoff factor ($).
• Electrochemistry (വൈദ്യുതരസതന്ത്രം): Galvanic cells, standard electrode potentials, Nernst Equation for half-cells and full cells, equilibrium constant from Nernst equation, electrolytic conductance, molar conductivity, Kohlrausch's Law of independent migration of ions, Faraday's Laws of electrolysis, primary and secondary batteries (lead storage battery, dry cell), fuel cells, and corrosion electrochemistry.
• Chemical Kinetics: Average and instantaneous reaction rates, rate law and specific rate constant, order and molecularity of a reaction, integrated rate equations for zero and first order reactions, half-life period ({1/2} = rac{0.693}{k}$), pseudo first order reactions, temperature dependence of rate constant (Arrhenius Equation = Ae^{-E_a/RT}$), and collision theory overview.
• The d and f Block Elements: Electronic configurations, general characteristics of transition metals (variable oxidation states, catalytic properties, magnetic properties, coloured ions, complex formation, interstitial compounds), standard electrode potential trends, chemistry of potassium dichromate ($) and potassium permanganate ($), lanthanoid series and lanthanoid contraction consequences, and actinoid comparison.
• Coordination Compounds: Werner's Coordination Theory, coordination number, ligand types (chelating, ambidentate), IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination complexes, isomerism (structural and stereoisomerism), Valence Bond Theory (inner and outer orbital complexes), and Crystal Field Theory (crystal field splitting in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes, spectrochemical series, colour of complexes).
• Organic Chemistry Masterclass:
  • Haloalkanes & Haloarenes: Nucleophilic substitution mechanisms ($ and $ stereochemistry), elimination reactions, Grignard reagents, and polyhalogen compounds.
  • Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers: Acidic nature of alcohols and phenols, Kolbe's reaction, Reimer-Tiemann reaction, Williamson ether synthesis, and dehydration of alcohols.
  • Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids: Nucleophilic addition reactions, Clemmensen and Wolff-Kishner reductions, Aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Tollens' and Fehling's tests, and Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ) reaction.
  • Amines & Diazonium Salts: Gabriel phthalimide synthesis, Hoffmann bromamide degradation, carbylamine reaction, and diazonium coupling reactions.
  • Biomolecules: Carbohydrate classifications (glucose and fructose structures), proteins (peptide linkage, primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, denaturation), nucleic acids (DNA double helix, RNA types), and vitamins.

3. Mathematics Part 1 & Part 2 (ഗണിതം)

• Calculus Mastery (കണക്കിലെ കാൽക്കുലസ്): Continuity and differentiability, chain rule, derivatives of implicit and inverse trigonometric functions, logarithmic differentiation, Applications of Derivatives (rate of change, increasing and decreasing functions, tangents and normals, maxima and minima problems), Indefinite Integrals by substitution, partial fractions, and integration by parts ($\int u v dx = u \int v dx - \int (u' \int v dx) dx$), Definite Integrals and their 8 fundamental properties, Area under simple curves (parabolas, circles, ellipses), and Differential Equations (order and degree, variable separable, homogeneous, linear differential equations).
• Vectors & 3D Geometry: Scalar and vector products, direction cosines and direction ratios, equation of a line in space, angle between two lines, shortest distance between skew lines, plane equations, and coplanarity of lines.
• Matrices, Determinants, LPP & Probability: Matrix multiplication, symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices, determinant properties, adjoint and inverse of matrices, solving system of linear equations using matrix method, Linear Programming corner point method, conditional probability, multiplication theorem, Bayes' Theorem, and random variables.

4. Biology (Botany & Zoology)

• Genetics & Evolution: Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, chromosomal theory of inheritance, linkage and crossing over, sex determination, pedigree analysis, DNA structure, transcription, translation, lac operon model, and Human Genome Project.
• Biotechnology & Human Health: Restriction endonucleases, cloning vectors (pBR322), PCR process, recombinant DNA production, Bt cotton, gene therapy, ELISA, immunity mechanisms, cancer biology, and AIDS retrovirus replication.